To address the lack of clarity regarding greenhouse gas emissions and emerging pollutant environmental risks in landfill leachate treatment, the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, in collaboration with Chongqing University, China University of Mining and Technology, and North Carolina State University, systematically investigated the emission fluxes of emerging contaminants and greenhouse gases from leachate. By introducing advanced models from the U.S. partner and optimizing key parameters, the project developed release flux models for PFAS and antibiotics tailored to China's waste management context. It was estimated that the annual release fluxes of PFAS from leachate at incineration plants and landfills were approximately 1,180 kg and 360 kg, respectively. Relevant findings have been published in leading international journals such as “Environmental Science & Technology”. Analysis of greenhouse gas emission characteristics revealed that in 2023, greenhouse gas emissions from leachate treatment at China's waste incineration plants and landfills amounted to 2.8586 million tons and 1.1316 million tons of CO₂-equivalent, respectively.The collaboration effectively leveraged the strengths of both sides—the U.S. team contributed extensive experience and advanced modeling tools, while the Chinese side utilized its robust local monitoring capabilities to support model refinement and validation. In the area of greenhouse gas emissions, the complementary advantages of both countries were further demonstrated through a USD 300,000 grant from the Environmental Defense Fund. Project members delivered academic presentations at the Tsinghua University–Energy Foundation forum and participated in meetings for authors of the IPCC Special Report, thereby strengthening China's voice in global climate assessments. The project team also conducted a field visit to Norway, supported by a grant of 4.75 million yuan from the Norwegian Environment Agency, which facilitated the alignment of international management practices with domestic needs.In summary, the project has achieved substantial progress in scientific understanding, methodological development, data generation, and international influence, contributing a Chinese approach to the synergistic control of emerging pollutants and greenhouse gases in the global waste sector.